Archive for category Router

How To Perform A Cisco IOS Warm Upgrade And Reload To Minimize Downtime

The warm reload feature of the Cisco IOS was offered in IOS version 12.3(2)T.

 

How to perform a warm upgrade in the Cisco IOS

 

Use the reload warm file command, like this:

Router# reload warm file tftp://1.1.1.1/c2800nm-advipservicesk9-mz.124-15.T5.bin

 

This command actually has a number of options such as scheduling and creating a comment:

reload [/verify | /noverify] [warm [file url]] [in [hh:]mm | at hh:mm [month day | day month

 

The job of the warm reload feature is to allow you to reload your routers without having to read the IOS image from flash.

 

How do you use warm reload in the Cisco IOS?

 

The job of the warm reload feature is to allow you to reload your routers without having to read the IOS image from flash.

You can configure the warm reboot functionality with the warm reboot global command, like this:

Router(config)# warm-reboot 10 uptime 10

 

This enables the router to reboot a maximum number of 10 times using the warm reboot function and ensures that the router will sit for no more than 10 minutes after an attempted warm reload that doesn’t result in a successful boot. Next, you must do one clean, cold reload of the router. After that, you can use the reload warm command to quickly reboot your router.

 

You can also use show warm-reboot to find the statistics concerning how many warm reloads have happened and how much space is taken up by warm reload storage.

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How To Recovery A Lost Cisco Router Or Switch Password

1. power off and back on the device
2. hold down control and hit BREAK (may have to do this a few times)
3. Once you are at the rommon> prompt, type confreg.
4. Say “n” to all options except this one:
enable “ignore system config info”? y/n [n]: y
5. Say “n” to all other options
6. once back at the rommon prompt, type reset
7. the device will reboot
8. Once the device is booted, you will know that you are bypassing the config because you will be asked this question (say no):
Would you like to enter the initial configuration dialog? [yes/no]: no
9. Once booted, if you do a show version, you will see that your config register is 0×2142.
10. Now, you can either go to enable mode and do a show startup-config to see what the enable password is OR, if you have an enable secret password set, you can replace it by doing a copy start run, then going into global configuration and creating a new enable secret with enable secret cisco, then copy it back with copy run start.
11. Now, you want to change the config register back. In global configuration, type config-register 0×2102
12. save your configuration with wr or copy run start

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DSCP to CoS Table

 

DSCP-To-CoS

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QoS For Shoretel VOIP, Citrix, and Other Traffic Example

ip access-list extended Priority

Remark Citrix Ports
 permit tcp any any eq 1494
 permit udp any any eq 1604

Remark ShoreTel Director Server
 permit tcp any any eq 111
 permit udp any any eq 111
 permit udp any any eq 2727
 permit udp any any eq 5440
 permit udp any any eq 5441
 permit udp any any eq 5442
 permit udp any any eq 5443
 permit udp any any eq 5445
 permit udp any any eq 5446
 permit udp any any eq 5004

class-map match-any VoIP
match protocol rtp audio

class-map match-any Priority
match access-group name Priority

class-map match-any WebEmail
match protocol http
match protocol secure-http
match protocol ftp
match protocol smtp
match protocol pop3

policy-map QoS
class VoIP
  priority percent 30
  set dscp ef
Class Priority
  bandwidth remaining percent 40
  set dscp 34
class WebEmail
  bandwidth remaining percent 15
  set dscp 26
class class-default
 fair-queue
interface Serial0/1/0

 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.252
 ip nbar protocol-discovery
 service-policy output QoS

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How To Use TFTP From ROMMON Mode

Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) over the first LAN port using the ROMmon tftpdnld command.

All variable names are case sensitive. You can view the ROMmon environment variables by using the set command, as shown here:

rommon >
    Set IP_ADDRESS=172.18.16.76
    Set IP_SUBNET_MASK=255.255.255.192
    Set DEFAULT_GATEWAY=172.18.16.65
    Set TFTP_SERVER=172.18.16.2
    Set TFTP_FILE=quake/rel22_Jan_16/c2600-i-mz
rommon > tftpdnld

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Setting Up Netflow On Cisco Routers

Check that the IOS supports Netflow by adding “ip route-cache flow” to an interface.  If the command is successful  the IOS supports Netflow.

If the command errors on “flow” then upgrade IOS to a version that supports Netflow. Use Cisco feature navigator to find the correct IOS. Search by Feature, Add Netflow to the selected features.

www.cisco.com/go/fn

Set Netflow for each interface

Interface Serial0/0
Ip route-cache flow
Bandwidth 1536
Exit

In global config

ip flow-export source FastEthernet0
ip flow-export version 5
ip flow-export destination 192.168.10.50 9996
ip flow-cache timeout active
ip flow-cache timeout inactive 15
snmp-server ifindex persist
Show  IP flow export
Show IP cache flow

To collect NBAR stats

Ip cef
Interface S0/0
Ip nbar protocol-discovery
Show ip nbar protocol-discovery

,

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